About this condition
Thrombophilia — Comprehensive Genetic Testing
Hereditary thrombophilia encompasses genetic variants that increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (DVT and PE). Factor V Leiden (F5 R506Q) is the most common, affecting ~5% of Europeans (heterozygous: 3-8x VTE risk; homozygous: 50-80x risk). Prothrombin G20210A (F2) affects ~2-3% of Europeans (2-5x risk). Protein C deficiency (PROC), protein S deficiency (PROS1), and antithrombin III deficiency (SERPINC1) are rarer but higher-risk.
Compound genotypes dramatically multiply risk: FVL heterozygous + prothrombin heterozygous = ~20x VTE risk (potentially lifelong anticoagulation). FVL homozygous = 50-80x risk. Protein C or antithrombin deficiency + FVL = very high risk. Only comprehensive testing revealing ALL thrombophilia variants enables accurate risk stratification and appropriate anticoagulation duration decisions.
Clinical implications include: anticoagulation duration after first VTE (3-6 months vs. lifelong based on genotype), hormonal contraception counseling (estrogen-containing contraceptives contraindicated in FVL/prothrombin carriers), pregnancy management (LMWH prophylaxis for higher-risk genotypes), and extended post-surgical prophylaxis. Every woman should ideally have thrombophilia screening before starting estrogen-containing contraception.
Estrogen-containing contraceptives are contraindicated in FVL and prothrombin carriers — but 5-8% of European women carry these variants unknowingly. Pre-prescribing thrombophilia screening prevents potentially fatal PE.
- Gene locus
- F5 (1q24.2), F2 (11p11.2), PROC (2q14.3), PROS1 (3q11.1), SERPINC1 (1q25.1)
